Introduction
“The Hyborian Age” is an essay by Robert E. Howard pertaining to the Hyborian Age, the fictional setting of his stories about Conan the Cimmerian. It was written in the 1930s but only partly published during Howard’s lifetime. Its purpose was to maintain consistency within his fictional setting.
The essay sets out in detail the major events of Howard’s pseudohistorical prehistory, both period before and after the time of the Conan stories. In describing the cataclysmic end of the Thurian Age, the period described in his Kull stories, Howard links both sequences of stories into one shared universe. The names he gives his various nations and peoples of the age borrow liberally from actual history and myth. The essay also sets out the racial and geographical heritage of these fictional entities, making them progenitors of modern nations. For example, Howard makes the Gaels descendants of his own Cimmerians.
In addition to its use as underpinning to his Kull and Conan stories, Howard drew on his invented prehistory in tales with later settings. For instance, “Kings of the Night” brings King Kull forward in time to fight the Roman legions, while “The Haunter of the Ring,” set in the modern age, makes use of a Hyborian artifact.
REH did three known drafts of his essay The Hyborian Age. These three were presented by The Robert E. Howard Foundation in a chapbook presented to the Legacy Circle members. Drafts A through C are from REH’s original typescripts, furnished by Glenn Lord, and sent to the REH Foundation by Patrice Louinet.
See also:
DRAFT A, DRAFT B, and DRAFT C.
Published in:
- THE PHANTAGRAPH Volume 4 Number 3, Wilson Shepherd & Donald Wollheim, February 1936 (Part 1 of 3)
- THE PHANTAGRAPH Volume 4 Number 5, Wilson Shepherd & Donald Wollheim, August 1936 (Part 2 of 3)
- THE PHANTAGRAPH Volume 5 Number 1, Wilson Shepherd & Donald Wollheim, October 1936 (Part 3 of 3) (incomplete, only goes up to the time of Conan)
- THE HYBORIAN AGE, LANY Cooperative Publications, 1938 (First complete publication)
- SKULL-FACE AND OTHERS, Arkham House, 1946
- THE HYBORIAN AGE, Pennsylvania Dutch Cheese Press, 1954
- LANDS OF WONDER – PIONEER #26, Austrotopia, June 1968 (German, prolog only)
- FEH 5: DE STEM VAN EL-LIL, A. W. Bruna & Zoon, 1972 (Dutch)
- KULL, Follow (Fellowship of the Lords of the Lands of Wonder), 1974 (German, prolog only)
- SKULL-FACE OMNIBUS, Neville Spearman, 1974
- THE SAVAGE SWORD OF CONAN VOLUME 1 NUMBER 7, Marvel Comics, August 1975 (Part 1 of 6, graphic adaptation)
- THE SAVAGE SWORD OF CONAN VOLUME 1 NUMBER 8, Marvel Comics, October 1975 (Part 2 of 6, graphic adaptation)
- SKULL-FACE OMNIBUS, Neville Spearman, 1975
- RED NAILS, Grant, 1975
- THE SAVAGE SWORD OF CONAN VOLUME 1 NUMBER 12, Marvel Comics, June 1976 (Part 3 of 6, graphic adaptation)
- THE SAVAGE SWORD OF CONAN VOLUME 1 NUMBER 15, Marvel Comics, October 1976 (Part 4 of 6, graphic adaptation)
- THE SAVAGE SWORD OF CONAN VOLUME 1 NUMBER 16, Marvel Comics, December 1976 (Part 5 of 6, graphic adaptation)
- SKULL-FACE OMNIBUS, Volume 3, Panther, 1976
- THE SAVAGE SWORD OF CONAN VOLUME 1 NUMBER 17, Marvel Comics, February 1977 (Part 6 of 6, graphic adaptation)
- RED NAILS, Berkley/Putnam, 1977
- RED NAILS, Berkley, 1st, 1977
- RED NAILS, Science Fiction Book Club, 1977
- KULL, Bantam, September 1978 (portions)
- RED NAILS, Berkley, 2nd, 1978
- KULL, Grant, 1985 (Regular edition, portions only)
- KULL, Grant, 1985 (Limited edition, portions only)
- FENIKS 03 (08) 1986, Polskie Stowarzyszenie Miłośników Fantastyki, 1986 (Polish)
- CONAN. DROGA DO TRONU, Wydawnictwo Alfa, 1988 (Polish)
- CONAN Z CIMMERII, Wydawnictwo Alfa, 1988 (Polish)
- FENIKS, AS Editor, 1989 (Polish)
- CONAN VOITTAJA, Jalava, 1991 (Finnish)
- MAGAZÍN POUTNÍK 2: CONAN BARBAR A JINÉ POVÍDKY, Klub Julese Vernea, 1991 (Czech)
- MAGAZÍN POUTNÍK 6, Klub Julese Vernea, 1992 (Czech, portion only)
- TUTTI I CICLI FANTASTICI – IL CICLO DI CONAN TOMO I, Newton Compton Editori, April 1995 (Italian)
- KULL, Baen, July 1995 (portions)
- JULES VERNE MAGASINET NR. 476, Sam J. Lundwall Fakta & Fantasi, April 1996 (Swedish)
- КОНАН УНИЩОЖИТЕЛЯ (KONAN UNISHTOZHITELYA), Ofir, 1996 (Bulgarian)
- THE ESSENTIAL CONAN, Science Fiction Book Club, June 1998
- THE CONAN CHRONICLES Volume 1, Millennium, August 2000
- CONAN: VĔŽ SLONA A JINÉ POVÍDKY, BB Art, 2001 (Czech)
- CONAN: RUDÉ HŘEBY A JINÉ POVÍDKY, BB Art, 2001 (Czech)
- COMPLETE CONAN OF CIMMERIA VOLUME 1, Wandering Star, 2002
- CONAN, Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, September 2003 (German)
- THE COMING OF CONAN THE CIMMERIAN, Del Rey, December 2003
- THE COMING OF CONAN THE CIMMERIAN, Science Fiction Book Club, December 2003
- CONAN YILLIKLARI 1: FIL KULESI, İthaki Yayınları, 2003 (Turkish)
- ÖSSZES CONAN TÖRTÉNETE I, Szukits Könyvkiadó, 2004 (Hungarian)
- THE COMING OF CONAN THE CIMMERIAN, Del Rey, November 2005
- CONAN 1, Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, February 2006 (German)
- 新訂版コナン全集1: 黒い海岸の女王 (SHINTEIBAN KONAN ZENSHŪ 1: KUROI KAIGAN NO JŌŌ)(THE AUTHORIZED CONAN CHRONICLES 1: QUEEN OF THE BLACK COAST), Tōkyō Sōgensha, October 2006 (Japanese)
- CONAN, O CIMÉRIO Volume 1, Conrad Editora, 2006 (Portuguese)
- CONAN LE CIMMÉRIEN, Bragelonne, October 2007 (French)
- CONAN I, Aurora, 2007 (Czech, Part 1)
- THE HYBORIAN AGE, AND GODS OF THE NORTH, Dodo Press, February 2008
- CONAN LE CIMMÉRIEN, Bragelonne, April 2008 (French, 2nd printing)
- HOURS OF THE DRAGON, Wildside Press, July 2008
- THE HOUR OF THE DRAGON, Cosmos Books, September 2008
- THE ADVENTUROUS TALES OF CONAN THE CIMMERIAN, Onno Tasler, October 2008
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN, Prion Books, May 2009 (U.K.)
- CONAN THE CONQUEROR, Halcyon Press, Ltd., December 2009
- CONAN THE REAVER, Halcyon Press, Ltd., December 2009
- CONAN THE WARRIOR, Halcyon Press, Ltd., December 2009
- CONAN III, Aurora, 2009 (Czech, Part 2)
- DOLAZAK KONANA SIMERIJANCA, IPS Media, 2009 (Serbian)
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN, Easton Press, January 2010
- CONAN: THE HOUR OF THE DRAGON, Halcyon Press, Ltd., January 2010
- THE ROBERT E. HOWARD OMNIBUS: 99 COLLECTED STORIES, Halcyon Press, Ltd., May 2010
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN, Prion Books, November 2010
- CONAN LE CIMMÉRIEN, Bragelonne, 2010 (French, 3rd printing)
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN, Metro Books, 2010
- CONAN I PRADAWNI BOGOWIE, Rebis, January 2011 (Polish)
- THE HYBORIAN AGE, Robert E. Howard Foundation, June 2011
- CONAN IL BARBARO, Newton Compton Editori, July 2011 (Italian)
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN: THE CLASSIC ORIGINAL STORIES THAT INSPIRED THE FILM, Gollancz, July 2011
- CONAN IL BARBARO, Newton Compton Editori, October 2011 (Italian)
- CONAN THE DESTROYER, Gollancz, October 2011
- CONAN BARBARZYŃCA, Rea, April 2012 (Polish)
- CONAN I PRADAWNI BOGOWIE, Rebis, July 2012 (Polish)
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN, Jame-Books, August 2012
- KULL KIRÁLY ÉS AZ ŐSÖK, Delta Vision Kft., August 2012 (Hungarian)
- KULL KIRÁLY ÉS AZ ŐSÖK, Delta Vision Kft., November 2012 (Hungarian)
- CONAN 1, Urco Editora, 2012 (Galician)
- L’ERA HYBORIANA. IL MONDO DI CONAN IL BARBARO, Area 51 Publishing, January 2013 (Italian)
- ROBERT E. HOWARD’S COLLECTED WORKS, Jame-Books, February 2013
- THE HYBORIAN AGE, Emereo Publishing, March 2013
- L’ERA HYBORIANA. IL MONDO DI CONAN IL BARBARO, Area 51 Publishing, April 2013 (Italian, audio)
- CONAN LE CIMMÉRIEN, Bragelonne, September 2013 (French, 4th printing)
- THE HYBORIAN AGE, Rise of Douai, July 2014
- CONAN BARBARZYŃCA. TOM 1, BookRage, December 2014 (Polish)
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN, SELECTED SHORT STORIES, Benediction Classics, April 2015
- CONAN – DIE ORIGINAL ERZÄHLUNGEN BAND 2, Festa Verlag, June 2015 (German)
- THE HYBORIAN AGE (FACSIMILE EDITION), Skelos Press, June 2015
- CONAN BARBARZYŃCA, Rea, November 2015 (Polish)
- THE HYBORIAN AGE, Phantasmo Press, March 2016
- THE HYBORIAN AGE, CreateSpace, May 2016
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN – COLLECTED ADVENTURES, The Castanea Group, December 2016
- A FILHA DO GIGANTE DO GELO, Red Dragon Books, January 2017 (Portuguese)
- THE FROST-GIANT’S DAUGHTER, Red Dragon Books, February 2017
- CONAN: BROADSWORD LEGACY COLLECTION, Shirtsleeve Press, April 2017
- THE HYBORIAN AGE, Sir Angels, April 2017
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN – COLLECTED ADVENTURES, The Castanea Group, June 2017
- ROBERT E. HOWARD’S CONAN THE CIMMERIAN BARBARIAN: THE COMPLETE WEIRD TALES OMNIBUS, Pulp-Lit Press, June 2017
- ROBERT E. HOWARD’S CONAN THE CIMMERIAN BARBARIAN: THE COMPLETE WEIRD TALES OMNIBUS, Audible Audio, June 2017
- LA CANCIÓN DE BÊLIT, Sportula, October 2017 (Spanish)
- CONAN, O BÁRBARO – LIVRO 1, Pipoca e Nanquim, December 2017 (Portuguese)
- ROBERT E. HOWARD’S CONAN THE CIMMERIAN BARBARIAN: THE COMPLETE WEIRD TALES OMNIBUS, Easton Press, 2017
- NACERÁ UNA BRUJA, Sportula, March 2018 (Spanish)
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN, Prion Books, 2018
- LE CIMMÉRIEN (CONAN, TOME 1), Le Livre de Poche, January 2019 (French)
- NACERÁ UNA BRUJA, Sportula, April 2019 (Spanish, 2nd edition)
- LA CANCIÓN DE BÊLIT, Sportula, April 2019 (Spanish, 2nd edition)
- THE SONG OF BÊLIT, Sportula, June 2020
- CONAN LE CIMMÉRIEN, Bragelonne, July 2021 (French)
L. Sprague de Camp edited this to include his timeline. It appears in the following places:
- THE COMING OF CONAN, Gnome Press, 1953 (edited by LSDC; Part 1 of 2)
- KING KULL, Lancer, 1st, 1967 (portions)
- CONAN, Lancer, 1968 (Part 1 of 2)
- CONAN THE AVENGER, Lancer, 1968 (Part 2 of 2)
- KING KULL, Lancer, 2nd, 1969 (portions)
- 冒険者コナン (BŌKENSHA KONAN) (ADVENTURER CONAN), Hayakawa Bunko, January 1971 (Japanese)
- コナンと髑髏の都 (KONAN TO DOKURO NO MIYAKO), Sōgen Suiri Bunko, April 1971 (Japanese)
- CONAN DER RÄCHER, Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, 1972 (German)
- 大帝王コナン(DAI TEIŌ KONAN) (KING CONAN), Hayakawa Bunko, June 1972 (Japanese)
- KING KULL, Lancer, 3rd, 1972 (portions)
- CONAN THE AVENGER, Sphere, 1974 (Part 2 of 2)
- CONAN, Sphere, 1974 (Part 1 of 2)
- SAVAGE SWORD OF CONAN #7, August 1975 (part 1 of 6)
- SAVAGE SWORD OF CONAN #8, October 1975 (part 2 of 6)
- CONAN, Zwarte Beertjes, 1976 (Part 1 of 2) [Dutch]
- SAVAGE SWORD OF CONAN #12, June 1976 (part 3 of 6)
- SAVAGE SWORD OF CONAN #15, October 1976 (part 4 of 6)
- TERRA FANTASY 28: KULL VON ATLANTIS, Erich Pabel Verlag KG, November 1976 (German, Part 1)
- TERRA FANTASY #29: HERR VON VALUSIEN, Erich Pabel Verlag KG, December 1976 (German, Part 2)
- SAVAGE SWORD OF CONAN #16, December 1976 (part 5 of 6)
- CONAN, Prestige, 1977 (Part 1 of 2)
- SAVAGE SWORD OF CONAN #17, February 1977 (part 6 of 6)
- CONAN THE AVENGER, Prestige, 1977 (Part 2 of 2)
- TERRA FANTASY 28: KULL VON ATLANTIS, Erich Pabel Verlag KG, July 1979 (German, Part 1, 2nd printing)
- TERRA FANTASY #29: HERR VON VALUSIEN, Erich Pabel Verlag KG, August 1979 (German, Part 2, 2nd printing)
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN #6, PB, Marvel, 1979 (comic version)
- KULL LE ROI BARBARE, NeO, 1st Quarter 1980 (French)
- L’ERA HYBORIANA DI CONAN IL CIMMERO, Editrice Nord, November 1981 (Italian)
- CONAN, Ace, 1981 (Part 1 of 2)
- CONAN IL LIBERATORE, Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, January 1981 (Italian)
- CONAN, Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, May 1982 (German, part 1 of 2)
- KULL LE ROI BARBARE, NeO, May 1983 (French, 2nd printing)
- CONAN DE BARBAAR, W & L Boeken, 1983 (Dutch)
- CONAN, Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, 1983 (German, 3rd edition)
- CONAN: ORIGEN DE UNA LEYENDA, Ediciones Forum, 1983 (Spanish, Part 1 of 2)
- CONAN DER RÄCHER, Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, March 1984 (German)
- KULL LE ROI BARBARE, NeO, September 1984 (French, 3rd printing)
- KULL LE ROI BARBARE, Euredif, October 1984 (French)
- CONAN THE AVENGER, Ace, 1984 (Part 2 of 2)
- CONAN EL VENGADOR, Ediciones Forum, 1984 (Spanish, Part 2 of 2)
- CONAN, Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, 1985 (German, 4th edition)
- CONAN, Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, 1987 (German, 5th edition)
- CONAN, Aventyrsspel, 1987 (Swedish)
- CONAN CIMMERIERN, Aventyrsspel, 1987 (Swedish)
- ROSTRO DE CALAVERA, ST, 1987 (Spanish)
- KULL LE ROI BARBARE, NeO, April 1988 (French, 4th printing)
- KULL VON ATLANTIS, Bastei Verlag, March 1989 (German, portions only)
- THE CONAN CHRONICLES Volume 1, Sphere, August 1989, (Part 1 of 2)
- LA LEGGENDA DI CONAN IL CIMMERO, Editrice Nord, October 1989 (Italian, Part 1 of 2)
- IL REGNO DI CONAN IL GRANDE, Editrice Nord, October 1989 (Italian, Part 2 of 2)
- CONAN, SFK Winston, 1989 (Czech)
- CONAN, Wydawnictwo PiK, 1991 (Polish)
- KULL LE ROI BARBARE, Fleuve Noir, January 1992 (French)
- CONAN, Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, June 1992 (German)
- DAS CONAN UNIVERSUM, Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, June 1992 (German)
- CONAN IL CIMMERO, Editrice Nord, June 1993 (Italian, Part 1 of 2)
- L’ERA HYBORIANA DI CONAN, Editrice Nord, October 1994 (Italian, Part 2 of 2)
- CONAN, AFSF, 1994 (Czech)
- CONAN, Semic / Nordisk Forlag A/S, 1994 (Norwegian)
- LA SAGA DI CONAN IL CIMMERO, Editrice Nord, 1994 (Italian)
- CONAN, Editura Fantasia, 1995 (Romanian)
- CONAN, Ediciones Martinez Roca, 1995 (Spanish)
- CONAN: ESPADA & MAGIA VOLUME 1, Unicórnio Azul, 1995 (Portuguese)
- CONAN MŚCICIEL, Wydawnictwo Amber, 1995 (Polish)
- CONAN I: BARBAR, AFSF, 1997 (Czech)
- CONAN II: DOBYVATEL, AFSF, 1997 (Czech)
- CONAN, Zagrebačka naklada, 1998 (Croatian, Part 1)
- コナンと髑髏の都 (KONAN TO DOKURO NO MIYAKO), Sōgen Suiri Bunko, 2001 (Japanese)
- CONAN DE CIMMERIER, De Boekerij – Uitgeverij M, March 2003 (Dutch)
- THE COMPLETE CHRONICLES OF CONAN, Gollancz, January 2006
- THE CONAN CHRONICLES Volume 1, Gollancz, April 2008