Introduction
“Shadows in Zamboula” is one of the original stories by Robert E. Howard about Conan the Cimmerian, first published in Weird Tales in November 1935. Its original title was “The Man-Eaters of Zamboula“. The story sold for $120.00.
The story takes place over the course of a night in the desert city of Zamboula, with political intrigue amidst streets filled with roaming cannibals. This story also introduced a fearsome strangler named Baal-Pteor, who is one of the few humans in the Conan stories to be a physical challenge for the main character himself.
By present-day sensibilities, the story is seriously marred by including a vicious racial stereotype – blacks as cannibals – though Howard strove to lessen this by making it clear that the cannibals in Zamboula are only the specific blacks from Darfar, other blacks being untainted. A white character, Aram Baksh, proves to be a more sinister antagonist by facilitating, exploiting, and profiting from the cannibalism of the Dafari slaves.
Alternate title:
Plot summary
Despite the warning he received in a suq by an elderly nomad, Conan spends the night at a cheap tavern in Zamboula, owned by Aram Baksh. As night falls, a black cannibal from Dafar enters his chamber, by means of a trick lock, to drag Conan away and feast on him. All of the Darfarian slaves in the city are cannibals who roam the streets at night. Since the cannibals only prey on travelers, the inhabitants of the city tolerate this and stay locked securely in their homes, while nomads and beggars make sure to spend the night at a comfortable distance from Zamboula. Even worse, Aram Baksh has made a deal with the cannibals – he provides them with “fresh meat” and profits from the belongings of his ill-fated guests at the inn. This night, however, the unfortunate cannibal attempts to prey on a fully aware Conan and pays with his life. Realizing his room is actually a trap, Conan escapes into the Zamboulan streets where he encounters a naked woman being attacked by the roaming cannibals. Conan rescues her, and the woman tells him how she tried to secure her fiancé’s affection with a love potion, which instead made a raving lunatic of him, and he chased her out of their home. After promising Conan “a reward” for his assistance, the two capture the mad lover, and then attempt to murder the high priest responsible for the lover’s insanity.
The woman is captured in their attempt, and forced – via hypnotism – to dance before the high priest until she is exhausted. Conan, after defeating a strangler named Baal-Pteor at his own game, rescues the woman and kills the corrupt priest. Right before Conan could claim his payment, the woman reveals herself as Nafertari, mistress of the satrap of Zamboula, Jungir Khan (the insane lover). Taking the antidote to Jungir, Nafertari promises Conan a position in her council and vast wealth.
Conan, however, leaves the city and reveals to the reader how he had recognized the two almost immediately. He takes his revenge on Aram Baksh by cutting out Baksh’s tongue and slicing off his beard. Soon, Conan renders him both mute and unrecognizable. Eventually, he turns Baksh over to the hungry cannibals so they can devour him (one of the most profound displays of Conan’s ironic sense of humor). After dealing with Aram Baksh, Conan leaves the city with a bag of gold and a magic ring which started the night’s intrigues (Conan had stolen it from the insane Jungir during their first encounter), with the intent of selling his prize to another interested party.
From the letters:
In a letter (#342) to P. Schuyler Miller, March 10, 1936, Howard comments on the artwork done in Weird Tales for this story:
Hope you find “The Hyborian Age” interesting. I’m enclosing a copy of the original map. Yes, Napoli’s done very well with Conan, though at times he seems to give him a sort of Latin cast of the countenance which isn’t according to type, as I conceive it. However, that isn’t enough to kick about.
Vincent Napoli illustrated the Conan stories “Shadows in Zamboula,”
Published in
- WEIRD TALES VOLUME 26 NUMBER 5, Popular Fiction Publishing Company, November 1935
- WEIRD TALES VOLUME 26 NUMBER 5, American News Company, Ltd., November 1935 (Canada)
- SKULL-FACE AND OTHERS, Arkham House, 1946
- PIONEER #25, Austrotopia, 1968 (German)
- DE ZWARTE STEEN, Zwarte Beertjes, 1969 (Dutch)
- SKULL-FACE OMNIBUS, Neville Spearman, 1974
- SKULL-FACE OMNIBUS, Neville Spearman, 1975
- THE SAVAGE SWORD OF CONAN VOLUME 1 NUMBER 14, Marvel Comics, September 1976 (graphic adaptation)
- SKULL-FACE OMNIBUS, Volume 3, Panther, 1976
- THE DEVIL IN IRON, Grant, 1976
- RED NAILS, Berkley/Putnam, 1977 (restored text)
- RED NAILS, Berkley, 1977 (restored text)
- RED NAILS, Science Fiction Book Club, 1977
- RED NAILS, Berkley, 2nd, 1978
- THE DEVIL IN IRON, Grossett & Dunlap, 1978
- CONAN ZDOBYWCA, Klubowe, 1986 (Polish)
- VELHOJEN VALTAKUNTA, Jalava, April 1989 (Finnish)
- CONAN, A BARBÁR, Csokonai Kiado Vállalat, 1989 (Hungarian)
- CONAN: A ZRODÍSE ČARODĔJKA, Klub Julese Vernea, Winter 1989 (Czech)
- MUŽ Z CIMMERIE, Klub Julese Vernea, 1989 (Czech)
- CONAN, Wydawnictwo Atlantis, 1990 (Polish)
- CONAN WOJOWNIK, Wydawnictwo Nakom, 1990 (Polish)
- L’URLO DI CONAN, Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, April 1991 (Italian)
- КОНАН ВАРВАРИНЪТ (KONAN VARVARINĂT), Orfija, 1991 (Bulgarian)
- CONAN A KIMMÉRIAI, Phoenix Könyvkiadó, 1993 (Hungarian)
- TUTTI I CICLI FANTASTICI – IL CICLO DI CONAN TOMO I, Newton Compton Editori, April 1995 (Italian)
- КОНАН УНИЩОЖИТЕЛЯ (KONAN UNISHTOZHITELYA), Ofir, 1996 (Bulgarian)
- THE ESSENTIAL CONAN, Science Fiction Book Club, June 1998
- CONAN JA MUSTA RANNIKU KUNINGANNA, Elmatar, 1999 (Estonian)
- THE CONAN CHRONICLES Volume 1, Millennium, August 2000
- KILIÇ VE BÜYÜ, İthaki Yayınları, 2000 (Turkish)
- CONAN: A ZRODÍSE ČARODĔJKA A JINÉ POVÍDKY, BB Art, 2001 (Czech)
- ÖSSZES CONAN TÖRTÉNETE I, Szukits Könyvkiadó, 2004 (Hungarian)
- SAVAGE ADVENTURES, Wild Cat Books, 2004
- CONAN. IL TESORO DI TRANICOS, Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, September 2005 (Italian)
- THE CONQUERING SWORD OF CONAN, Del Rey, November 2005 (as “The Man-Eaters of Zamboula”)
- THE CONQUERING SWORD OF CONAN, Science Fiction Book Club, December 2005 (as “The Man-Eaters of Zamboula”)
- THE COMPLETE CHRONICLES OF CONAN, Gollancz, January 2006
- THE WEIRD WRITINGS OF ROBERT E. HOWARD Volume 2, Girasol Collectables, March 2006
- 新訂版コナン全集2: 魔女の誕生 (SHINTEIBAN KONAN ZENSHŪ 2: MAJO NO TANJŌ)(THE AUTHORIZED CONAN CHRONICLES 2: A WITCH SHALL BE BORN), Tōkyō Sōgensha, December 2006 (Japanese)
- CONAN – O DEMÓNIO DE FERRO, Saída de Emergência, 2006 (Portuguese)
- CONAN 3, Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, March 2007 (German, as “The Man-Eaters of Zamboula”)
- BEYOND THE BLACK RIVER, Wildside Press, September 2007
- CONAN I, Aurora, 2007 (Czech)
- SHADOWS IN ZAMBOULA, Dodo Press, February 2008
- THE CONAN CHRONICLES Volume 1, Gollancz, April 2008
- BEYOND THE BLACK RIVER, Cosmos Books, July 2008
- “. . .AND THEIR MEMORY WAS A BITTER TREE . . .”, BlackBart Books, August 2008
- THE ADVENTUROUS TALES OF CONAN THE CIMMERIAN, Onno Tasler, October 2008
- CONAN – LES CLOUS ROUGES, Bragelonne, November 2008 (French, as “The Man-Eaters of Zamboula”)
- CONAN. IL TESORO DI TRANICOS, Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, 2008 (Italian)
- PULP REPLICA: WEIRD TALES V26N5, Girasol Collectables, May 2009
- CONAN – LES CLOUS ROUGES, Bragelonne, June 2009 (French, 2nd printing, as “The Man-Eaters of Zamboula”)
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN, Prion Books, May 2009 (U.K.)
- THE CONQUERING SWORD OF CONAN, Tantor Media Inc., October 2009 (audio) (as “The Man-Eaters of Zamboula”)
- CONAN THE REAVER, Halcyon Press, Ltd., December 2009
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN, Easton Press, January 2010
- COMPLETE CONAN OF CIMMERIA VOLUME 3, Book Palace Books, March 2010 (as “The Man-Eaters of Zamboula”)
- THE ROBERT E. HOWARD OMNIBUS: 99 COLLECTED STORIES, Halcyon Press, Ltd., May 2010
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN, Prion Books, November 2010
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN, Metro Books, 2010
- MUSTAN RANNIKON KUNINGATAR JA MUITA CONAN-KERTOMUKSIA, Jalava, 2010 (Finnish)
- CONAN IL BARBARO, Newton Compton Editori, July 2011 (Italian)
- CONAN IL BARBARO, Newton Compton Editori, October 2011 (Italian)
- CONAN THE DESTROYER, Gollancz, October 2011
- CONAN: O BÁRBARO, Generale, 2011 (Portuguese)
- CONAN BARBARZYŃCA, Rea, April 2012 (Polish)
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN, Jame-Books, August 2012
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN: TALES OF MAGIC & MAYHEM VOLUME 1, Summit Classic Press, September 2012
- ROBERT E. HOWARD’S COLLECTED WORKS, Jame-Books, February 2013
- WEIRD TALES: 101 WEIRD, STRANGE, AND SUPERNATURAL STORIES VOLUME 7, Civitas Media, February 2013
- WEIRD TALES: SHADOWS IN ZAMBOULA, UMash Marketing Ltd., March 2013
- WEIRD TALES: 101 WEIRD, STRANGE, AND SUPERNATURAL STORIES VOLUME 7, Civitas Media, May 2013
- CONAN I MIECZ ZDOBYWCY, Rebis, August 2013 (Polish, as “The Man-Eaters of Zamboula”)
- CONAN 3, Urco Editora, May 2014 (Galician)
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN, SELECTED SHORT STORIES, Benediction Classics, April 2015
- CONAN – DIE ORIGINAL ERZÄHLUNGEN BAND 5, Festa Verlag, September 2015 (German, as “The Man-Eaters of Zamboula”)
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN, Ulwencreutz Media, November 2015
- CONAN BARBARZYŃCA, Rea, November 2015 (Polish)
- CONAN IL BARBARO, Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, October 2016 (Italian, as “The Man-Eaters of Zamboula”)
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN – COLLECTED ADVENTURES, The Castanea Group, December 2016
- КОНАН TOM 2, Изток-Запад (East West), 2016 (Bulgarian, “Man-Eaters in Zamboula”)
- SHADOWS IN ZAMBOULA, Perennial Press, January 2016
- CONAN: BROADSWORD LEGACY COLLECTION, Shirtsleeve Press, April 2017
- SHADOWS IN ZAMBOULA, Sir Angels, April 2017
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN – COLLECTED ADVENTURES, The Castanea Group, June 2017
- ROBERT E. HOWARD’S CONAN THE CIMMERIAN BARBARIAN: THE COMPLETE WEIRD TALES OMNIBUS, Pulp-Lit Press, June 2017
- ROBERT E. HOWARD’S CONAN THE CIMMERIAN BARBARIAN: THE COMPLETE WEIRD TALES OMNIBUS, Audible Audio, June 2017
- ROBERT E. HOWARD’S CONAN THE CIMMERIAN BARBARIAN: THE COMPLETE WEIRD TALES OMNIBUS, Easton Press, 2017
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN, Prion Books, 2018
- EL DIABLO DE HIERRO, Sportula, April 2019 (Spanish)
- ROBERT E. HOWARD FOUNDATION NEWSLETTER V13N1, Robert E. Howard Foundation, Spring 2019 (Part 1 of 2, as “The Man-Eaters of Zamboula”)
- ROBERT E. HOWARD FOUNDATION NEWSLETTER V13N2, Robert E. Howard Foundation, Summer 2019 (Part 2 of 2, as “The Man-Eaters of Zamboula”)
- CONAN, O BÁRBARO – LIVRO 3, Pipoca e Nanquim, August 2019 (Portuguese)
- LES CLOUS ROUGES (CONAN, TOME 3), Le Livre de Poche, October 2019 (French, as “The Man-Eaters of Zamboula”)
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN: COMPLETE COLLECTION, Nighttime Editions, 2020
- KRALJICA CRNE OBALE, Strahor, July 2020 (Serbo-Croatian, as “Man-Eaters of Zamboula”)
- THE FEASTING OF SWORDS II: MORE EPICS OF BLOOD AND THUNDER, Legendary Planet, December 2020
- CONAN Z CIMMERIE, SVAZEK III, Argo, May 2021 (Czech, graphic adaptation, as “The Man-Eaters of Zamboula”)
- OS CONTOS MAIS ÉPICOS DE CONAN, Saída de Emergência, May 2021 (Portuguese, as “The Man-Eaters of Zamboula”)
- THE CIMMERIAN: THE MAN-EATERS OF ZAMBOULA #1, Ablaze Publishing, July 2021 (Part 1 of 2)
- THE CIMMERIAN: THE MAN-EATERS OF ZAMBOULA #1, Ablaze Publishing, July 2021 (Part 1 of 2, graphic adaptation, as “The Man-Eaters of Zamboula”)
- THE CIMMERIAN: THE MAN-EATERS OF ZAMBOULA #2, Ablaze Publishing, August 2021 (Part 2 of 2, graphic adaptation, as “The Man-Eaters of Zamboula”)
- ROBERT E. HOWARD AND WEIRD TALES, Dennis McHaney, November 2021 (excerpt only)
- THE CIMMERIAN VOLUME 3, Ablaze Publishing, January 2022
The L. Sprague de Camp edited version of this story appears in the following places:
- CONAN THE BARBARIAN, Gnome Press, 1954
- THE SPELL OF SEVEN, Pyramid, June 1965
- THE SPELL OF SEVEN, Pyramid, December 1969
- CONAN THE WANDERER, Lancer, 1968
- CONAN DER WANDERER, Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, 1971 (German)
- 狂戦士コナン (KYŌSENSHI KONAN) (BERSERKER CONAN), Hayakawa Bunko, June 1971 (Japanese)
- コナンと焔の短剣 (KONAN TO HONŌ NO TANKEN), Sōgen Suiri Bunko, May 1972 (Japanese)
- CONAN EL VAGABUNDO, Editorial Bruguera, 1973 (Spanish)
- CONAN THE WANDERER, Sphere, 1974
- CONAN THE WANDERER, Prestige, 1977
- CONAN DE ZWERVER, Zwarte Beertjes, 1977 (Dutch)
- CONAN LO ZINGARO, Editrice Nord, January 1980 (Italian)
- CONAN THE WANDERER, Ace, 1981
- CONAN LE VAGABOND, Jean-Claude Lattès, March 1982 (French)
- CONAN DER WANDERER, Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, October 1982 (German)
- CONAN DER WANDERER, Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, 1983 (German, 2nd edition)
- CONAN EN HET VLAMMENDE MES, W & L Boeken, 1983 (Dutch)
- CONAN EL VAGABUNDO, Ediciones Forum, 1983 (Spanish)
- CONAN LE VAGABOND, J’ai Lu, December 1985 (French)
- KONAN: DRVO SMRTI, Niro Dečje Novine, 1985 (Serbo-Croatian)
- ROSTRO DE CALAVERA, ST, 1987 (Spanish)
- LA LEGGENDA DI CONAN IL CIMMERO, Editrice Nord, October 1989 (Italian)
- CONAN FÖRGÖRAREN, Target Games, 1989 (Swedish)
- CONAN LE VAGABOND, J’ai Lu, May 1990 (French, 2nd printing)
- THE CONAN CHRONICLES Volume 2, Orbit, September 1990
- CONAN BARBAR, AFSF, 1991 (Czech)
- CONAN: MEČ S FÉNIXEM, Nezávislý novinář II, 1991 (Czech)
- CONAN OBIEŻYŚWIAT, Wydawnictwo PiK, 1991 (Polish)
- CONAN LE VAGABOND, J’ai Lu, January 1992 (French, 3rd printing)
- CONAN L’AVVENTURIERO, Editrice Nord, November 1993 (Italian)
- CONAN, AFSF, 1994 (Czech)
- LA SAGA DI CONAN IL CIMMERO, Editrice Nord, 1994 (Italian)
- CONAN DER WANDERER, Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, November 1995 (German)
- CONAN EL VAGABUNDO, Ediciones Martinez Roca, 1995 (Spanish)
- CONAN SNIKMORDERNES BY, Semic / Nordisk Forlag A/S, 1995 (Norwegian)
- CONAN I: BARBAR, AFSF, 1997 (Czech)
- CONAN II: DOBYVATEL, AFSF, 1997 (Czech)
- DE WEG NAAR NIRWANA, J. M. Meulenhoff, September 1998 (Dutch)
- CONAN, Claude Lefrancq Editeur, October 1998 (French)
- КОНАН СКИТНИКА (KONAN SKITNIKA), Bard, 1998 (Bulgarian)
- CONAN LE VAGABOND, J’ai Lu, April 2002 (French, 4th printing)
Sources and links
- Wikipedia – Shadows in Zamboula